The Morphological Characteristics Of Walnut

The sapwood of walnut is milky white, heartwood varies from light brown to dark chocolate, with occasional purple and darker stripes.

Can be supplied with steam treated sapwood darkening plate or not steam treated.

Tree lines are generally straight, sometimes wavy or curly, to form a pleasing decorative pattern.

Deciduous or semi-evergreen trees or small trees, resinous, aromatic, with rounded glands with orange-yellow shields.

Buds bare or with bud scales, often 2-3 overlapping in axils.

Leaves alternate or sparsely opposite, no stipules, odd or even pinnate compound;

Leaflets opposite or alternate, with or without petioles, pinnate veins, margin serrate or thinly entire.

Flowers unisexual, monoecious, anemone.

Inflorescence unisexual or bisexual.

The relationship of male flowers in caty inflorescence, single or several fascicles, in the axil of leaf or bud scale;

Or on branchlets leafless and below terminal female inflorescence, forming a drooping panicle together;

Or from the apex of a new branch and below a terminal bisexual inflorescence (female inflorescence at the lower end and male inflorescence at the upper end) forming an erect corymbose fasciculus.

Male flowers in axils of one undivided or 3-lobed bract;

Bracts 2 and perianth 1-4, appressed around flattened receptacle inside bracts, or without bracts and perianth;

Stamens 3-40, inserted on receptacle, 1-orbicular, filaments extremely short or nonexistent, free or slightly healed at base, anthers glabrous or glabrous, 2-loculed, longitudinally slit, septum absent, or developed and more or less extending above anther apices.

The relationship of female flowers was in cat-like sequence, terminal, with a few female flowers erect, or the relationship of most female flowers was in catcat-like relationship.

Female flowers in the axils of a nondividing or 3-lobed bract, bracts detached from ovary or adherent to lower ovary by union with 2 bracts, or adherent to lower ovary by separate from 2 bracts, or adherent to ovary by forming a kettle involucre with receptacles and bracteoles;

Perianth 2-4, adnate to ovary, with 2 on both sides, 4 on midline outside, inside on both sides;

Pistil 1, connate by 2 carpels, ovary inferior, first 1 compartment, later base with 1 or 2 incomplete septum into incomplete 2 or 4 compartments, style extremely short, stigma 2-lobed or thinly 4-lobed;

Placenta on ovary base, short columnar, initially free, later healed with incomplete septum, apex with 1 erect anzygotic straight ovule.

The fruit develops from bracts and perianth or perianth alone or from involucre and ovary into pseudodrupe or nutlike;

Pericarp fleshy or leathery or membranous, not cracked or irregularly cracked at maturity, or 4-9 valves cracked;

Endocarp (pit) formed from the ovary itself, rigid, bony, one compartment, with an incomplete septum of 1 or 2 bone at the base of the interior, and thus forming an incomplete 2 or 4 compartments;

The walls of the endocarpels and incomplete septa are provided with or without variably arranged undirected gaps (cavities) on the transverse plane.

Seeds large, completely filled fruit compartment, with 1 membranous seed coat, no endosperm;

Radicle upward, cotyledon hypertrophy, fleshy, often 2-lobed, base tapering or cardioid, small embryo, often with shield shaped glands.